The “doing/allowing distinction” is a moral principle according to which actively causing harm is morally worse than allowing the same harm to occur, even if the outcomes are equally bad (for example, killing someone vs. letting someone die). In practice, it implies that it is wrong to harm one person even to prevent a somewhat greater harm to another.

You are the District Attorney of New York (i.e. Public Prosecutor), who will be contesting elections for the next term too. District Attorneys in United States of America are elected officials and have wide and exclusive discretion to decide, which cases to prosecute and which not. 

Earlier in 2024, you had successfully prosecuted James for the murder of the State Governor's son. James now, a death row inmate, has exhausted all his appeals and is scheduled to die in five days. 

James's brother John believes that his brother is innocent. Acting under that belief, John stages a jailbreak ( in which no one is harmed ) to rescue his brother. John succeeds in rescuing his brother. However, David (a serial killer) is accidentally set free during such prison break.

Ten days after the prison break, conclusive evidence that the police department had fabricated evidence to protect the actual murderer pours in. You believe in this evidence and so does the media.

Patraland is a post-colonial democracy located in South-East Asia about to have its first election soon. They have decided to have one parliament (unlike India which has both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha). They are currently in process of drawing constituencies for their Parliament. A constituency is an area whose voters elect one common representative to a legislative body.  The Committee tasked with drawing these constituencies is considering two alternatives. The first option is that they could draw the constituencies in a manner that each constituency has almost equal population. With the constituencies being redrawn every 10 years. The second option is that the constituencies are drawn in a manner that each constituency has about the same landmass.

A life settlement is when someone who owns a life insurance policy. typically an older person, sells it to a specialised company or institutional investor for a one-time cash payment. This payment is usually much higher than what the insurance company would pay if the person surrendered the policy or let it lapse. but lower than the full amount the policy would pay out when they die (the "death benefit"). After the sale, the buyer takes over the policy: they pay all future premiums and receive the full payout when the original policyholder passes away